Сосудистые синоназальные опухоли: роль радиологии в их диагностике

Abstract

Imaging of sinonasal tumors is primarily performed using computed tomography (CT), which is particularly effective at detecting the impact of these masses on nearby bone structures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also commonly used, as it excels at distinguishing pathological masses from common issues like mucosal thickening or fluid buildup in the sinonasal cavities. MRI is also excellent for assessing the spread of the tumor into surrounding soft tissues, orbits, and the intracranial space. These two imaging techniques complement each other and are often used together to evaluate sinonasal masses. In some cases, positron emission tomography (PET) may be used for additional metabolic assessment, particularly in patients with suspected malignant tumors to check for potential metastases. While these imaging methods are great for detecting abnormalities, there is often overlap in how different tumors appear, and it can be difficult to identify the specific type of tumor based solely on imaging. As a result, while the mass can often be spotted, narrowing the diagnosis to a single tumor type is uncommon. Despite this, cross-sectional imaging remains crucial in managing patient care and provides essential guidance for procedures like biopsies or surgeries in nearly all cases. This review focuses on the key imaging features associated with sinonasal tumors and highlights certain characteristics that may suggest a specific disease.